آرام‌بخشي بدون بيهوشي در جراحي‌هاي کوچک دربزرگسالان

Conscious Sedation for Minor Procedures in Adults

This supplement provides a summary of the teaching points that appear in the accompanying video, which demonstrates the equipment and techniques used to provide intravenous conscious sedation for minor procedures in adults. Practice guidelines for sedation and analgesia may vary in different regions of the world. The American Society of Anesthesiologists has developed such guidelines for use by physicians.

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Arthrocentesis of the Knee

Diagnostically, arthrocentesis is indicated to rule out septic arthritis in individuals presenting with a single or several inflamed joints. Arthrocentesis can also be used to differentiate between crystal arthropathies, such as gout and pseudogout, inflammatory and noninflammatory effusions, and hemarthroses. It should be emphasized that a single inflamed joint should almost always undergo at least one diagnostic aspiration. Therapeutically, arthrocentesis may be performed to drain large effusions, hemarthroses, or to inject steroids or local anesthetic. Arthrocentesis should be avoided in patients with cellulitis overlying the site of needle entry, out of concern of seeding the joint cavity with bacteria.

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فیلم- انتوباسیون اوروتراکئال

Orotracheal Intubation

Emergency orotracheal intubation is indicated in any situation in which definitive control of the airway is needed. Specific indications include cardiac or respiratory arrest, failure to protect the airway from aspiration, inadequate oxygenation or ventilation, and impending or existing airway obstruction. Orotracheal intubation is also commonly performed as part of the care of the critically ill patient with multisystem disease or injuries, and to facilitate control of the airway during surgical procedures requiring general anesthesia. Contraindications: In emergent cases, such as cardiac arrest, airway management is of paramount importance, and there are very few contraindications to orotracheal intubation

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